Fourth Year

A course on hemostasis typically covers the physiological processes that stop bleeding and maintain blood in a fluid state within the vascular system. The key topics usually include:

 

1. Introduction to Hemostasis

   - Overview of hemostasis and its importance.

   - Stages of hemostasis: vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, and coagulation.

 

2. Platelet Function:

   - Structure and function of platelets.

   - Platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation.

 

3. Coagulation Cascade:

   - Intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.

   - Common pathway and the role of clotting factors.

   - Regulation of the coagulation cascade.

 

4. Fibrinolysis:

   - Mechanisms of clot breakdown.

   - Role of plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).

 

5. Regulation of Hemostasis:

   - Anticoagulant mechanisms.

   - Role of endothelial cells and natural anticoagulants (e.g., heparin, antithrombin).

 

6. Disorders of Hemostasis:

   - Hemophilia, von Willebrand disease, and other bleeding disorders.

   - Thrombophilia and risk factors for thrombosis.

 

7. Diagnostic Methods:

   - Laboratory tests for evaluating hemostasis (e.g., PT, aPTT, platelet count).

   - Interpretation of test results and clinical correlations.

 

The course often includes lectures, laboratory sessions, case studies, and discussions to provide a comprehensive understanding of hemostasis in both health and disease.